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Classical Guitar Music

Classical guitar music

This article lists the most significant solo pieces and collections in the classical guitar repertoire. It includes baroque guitar and vihuela music, but not lute music.

16th century

- 1536 Luis Milán (ca. 1500 - after 1561) Libro de musica de vihuela de mano intitulado El Maestro
- 1538 Luis de Narvaez (1510 - 1555) Los seis libros del Delphin de música de cifra para tañer vihuela
- 1546 Alonso de Mudarra (ca. 1508 - 1580) Tres libros
- 1547 Enríquez de Valderrábano (1500 - 1557) Libro de música
- 1551 Adrien Le Roy (1520 - 1598) Premier livre de tablature de guiterre
- 1552 Diego Pisador (1509 - 1557) Libro de Música
- 1553 Grégoire Brayssing (fl. 16th cent.) Quart livre de tablature de guiterre
- 1554 Miguel de Fuenllana (?1500 - 1579) Orphénica lyra

17th century

- 1640 Giovanni Paolo Foscarini (fl. ca. 1621 - ca. 1649) Li cinque libri della chitarra alla spagnola
- 1643 Francesco Corbetta (ca. 1615 - 1681) Varii capricii per la ghittara spagnuola
- 1646 Carlo Calvi (fl. 17th cent.) Intavolatura di chitarra, e chitarriglia
- 1650 Domenico Pellegrini (fl. 17th cent.) Soavi concenti di sonate musicali per la chitarra spagnuola
- 1659 Giovanni Battista Granata (ca. 1620 - 1687) Soavi concenti di sonate musicali per la chitarra spagnuola
- 1682 Robert de Visée (ca. 1650 - 1725) Livre di guittarre dédié au roy
- 1692 Ludovico Roncalli (?1660 - ?1720) Capricci armonici sopra la chitarra spagnola
- 1694 Francisco Guerau (1649 - 1722) Poema Harmónico
- 1697 Gaspar Sanz (1640 - 1710) Instrucciòn de Mùsica sobre la Guitarra Española

18th century

- 1716 François Campion (1680 - 1748) Nouvelles découvertes sur la guitare
- ca. 1730 Santiago de Murcia (1682 - ?1735) Codice Saldivar no. 4

19th century

- 1807 Simon Molitor (1766 - 1848) Grosse Sonate, op. 7
- 1809 Mauro Giuliani (1781 - 1829) Grande Ouverture, op. 61
- 1821 Fernando Sor (1778 - 1839) Variations on a Theme of Mozart, op. 9
- 1825 Dionisio Aguado (1784 - 1849) Trois Rondos Brillants, op. 2
- 1847 Johann Kaspar Mertz (1806 - 1856) Bardenklänge, op. 13
- 1899 Francisco Tárrega (1852 - 1909) Recuerdos de la Alhambra

20th century

1900s

- ?1906 Ottorino Respighi (1879 - 1936) Variazioni

1910s

1920s

- 1920 Manuel de Falla (1876 - 1946) Homenaje: Le Tombeau de Claude Debussy
- 1920 Heitor Villa-Lobos (1887 - 1959) Chôros No. 1
- 1921 Agustín Barrios (1885 - 1944) La Catedral
- 1923 Carlos Chávez (1899 - 1978) Three Pieces
- 1923 Federico Moreno Torroba (1891 - 1982) Sonatina in A major
- 1923 Joaquín Turina (1882 - 1949) Sevillana, op. 29
- 1925 Manuel Ponce (1882 - 1948) Sonata mexicana
- 1925 Joaquín Turina (1882 - 1949) Fandanguillo, op. 36
- 1926 Pierre de Bréville (1861 - 1949) Fantaisie
- 1927 Manuel Ponce (1882 - 1948) Sonata III
- 1927 Cyril Scott (1879 - 1970) Sonatina
- 1928 Manuel Ponce (1882 - 1948) Sonata clásica
- 1928 Heitor Villa-Lobos (1887 - 1959) Suite populaire brésilienne
- 1929 Manuel Ponce (1882 - 1948) Sonatina romántica
- 1929 Manuel Ponce (1882 - 1948) Variations and Fugue on 'La Folia de Espana'
- 1929 Heitor Villa-Lobos (1887 - 1959) 12 Etudes

1930s

- 1931 Joaquín Turina (1882 - 1949) Sonata
- 1932 Manuel Ponce (1882 - 1948) Homenaje a Tárrega
- 1932 Joaquín Turina (1882 - 1949) Hommage à Tárrega, op. 69
- 1933 Antonio José (1902 - 1936) Sonata
- 1933 Frank Martin (1890 - 1974) Quatre Pièces Brèves
- 1935 Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco (1895 - 1968) Sonata (Omaggio a Boccherini)
- 1939 Manuel Ponce (1882 - 1948) Sonatina meridional
- 1939 Joaquín Rodrigo (1901 - 1999) En los trigales

1940s

- 1940 Heitor Villa-Lobos (1887 - 1959) Five Preludes
- 1942 Joaquín Rodrigo (1901 - 1999) Entre olivares
- 1943 Jarmil Burghauser (1921 - 1997) Sonata in E minor
- 1949 Erik Bergman (born 1911) Suite, op. 32

1950s

- 1950 Federico Moreno Torroba (1891 - 1982) Sonata-Fantasia
- 1952 Bruno Bartolozzi (1911 - 1980) Tre pezzi
- 1952 Lou Harrison (1917 - 2003) Serenado
- 1952 Alexandre Tansman (1896 - 1987) Cavatina
- 1953 Henri Gagnebin (1886 - 1977) Trois pièces
- 1954-5 Ettore Desderi (1892 - 1974) Sonata in mi
- 1955 Hans Erich Apostel (1901 - 1972) Sechs Musiken
- 1956 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) El Polifemo de Oro
- 1957 Lennox Berkeley (1903 - 1989) Sonatina, op. 52, no. 1
- 1957 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Danza característica
- 1957 Roberto Gerhard (1896 - 1970) Fantasia: Interlude in Cantares
- 1957 Ernst Krenek (1900 - 1991) Suite
- 1957 Darius Milhaud (1892 - 1974) Segoviana, op. 366
- 1957 Maurice Ohana (1914 - 1992) Tiento
- 1957 Marilyn Ziffrin (born 1926) Rhapsody
- 1958 Einojuhani Rautavaara (born 1928) Partita
- 1959 Tristram Cary (born 1925) Sonata for Guitar Alone
- 1959 Giorgio Federico Ghedini (1892 - 1965) Studio da concerto
- 1959 Goffredo Petrassi (1904 - 2003) Suoni notturni

1960s

- 1960 Georges Auric (1899 - 1983) Hommage à Alonso Mudarra
- 1960 Francis Poulenc (1899 - 1963) Sarabande
- 1960 Joaquín Rodrigo (1901 - 1999) Sonata giocosa
- 1961 Cornelius Cardew (1936 - 1981) Piece (for Stella)
- 1961 Hans Haug (1900 - 1967) Prélude, tiento et toccata
- 1961 Gian Francesco Malipiero (1882 - 1973) Preludio
- 1961 Joaquín Rodrigo (1901 - 1999) Invocación y danza
- 1961 Rudolf Wagner-Régeny (1903 - 1969) Sonatine
- 1961 Thomas Wilson (1927 - 2001) Three Pieces
- 1962 Louis Andriessen (born 1939) Triplum
- 1962 Girolamo Arrigo (born 1930) Serenata
- 1963 Benjamin Britten (1913 - 1976) Nocturnal after John Dowland, op. 70
- 1963 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) Partita
- 1963 Cristóbal Halffter (born 1930) Codex I
- 1963 André Jolivet (1905 - 1974) Deux études de concert
- 1963 Joaquín Rodrigo (1901 - 1999) Tres piezas españolas
- 1964 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Elogio de la danza
- 1964 Federico Mompou (1893 - 1987) Suite compostelana
- 1965 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) with Hector Quine 20 Studies
- 1968 Richard Rodney Bennett (born 1936) Impromptus
- 1968 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Canticum
- 1968 John W. Duarte (1919 - 2004) English Suite
- 1968 Tom Eastwood (1922 - 1999) Ballade-Phantasy
- 1968 John McCabe (born 1939) Canto
- 1968 Josep Mestres-Quadreny (born 1929) Perludi
- 1969 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) Fantasy-Divisions
- 1969 Peter Racine Fricker (1920 - 1990) Paseo
- 1969 Elisabeth Lutyens (1906 - 1984) The Dying of the Sun

1970s

- 1970 Denis ApIvor (1916 - 2004) Discanti, op. 48
- 1970 Vicente Asencio (1908 - 1979) Collectici íntim
- 1970 Lennox Berkeley (1903 - 1989) Theme and Variations
- 1970 Tom Eastwood (1922 - 1999) Amphora
- 1970 Joseph Horovitz (born 1926) Ghetto Song
- 1970 Armin Kaufmann (1902 - 1980) Rhapsodie
- 1970 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Variants on Two Themes of J. S. Bach
- 1971 Malcolm Arnold (born 1921) Fantasy, op. 107
- 1971 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) La espiral eterna
- 1971 Harrison Kerr (1897 - 1978) Variations on a Theme from "The Tower of Kel"
- 1971 Alan Rawsthorne (1905 - 1971) Elegy
- 1971 Guido Santórsola (1904 - 1994) Sonata No. 2 "Hispanica"
- 1971 William Walton (1902 - 1983) Five Bagatelles
- 1972 Denis ApIvor (1916 - 2004) Saeta, op. 53
- 1972 Peter Maxwell Davies (born 1934) Lullaby for Illian Rainbow
- 1972 André Jolivet (1905 - 1974) Tombeau de Robert de Visée
- 1972 Giles Swayne (born 1946) Canto
- 1972 Arthur Wills (born 1929) Sonata
- 1973 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Parabola
- 1973 Angelo Gilardino (born 1941) Tenebrae factae sunt
- 1973 Edward McGuire (born 1948) Music for Guitar(s)
- 1973 Per Nørgård (born 1932) Libra
- 1973 Poul Ruders (born 1949) Jargon
- 1973 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Memento in Two Movements
- 1974 William Bolcom (born 1938) Seasons
- 1974-6 Axel Borup-Jørgensen (born 1924) Praeambula, op. 72
- 1974 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Tarantos
- 1974 Carlos Chávez (1899 - 1978) Feuille d'album
- 1974 Humphrey Searle (1915 - 1982) Five, op. 61
- 1974 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Do Not Go Gentle...
- 1974 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) November Memories
- 1974 Richard Stoker (born 1938) Sonatina, op. 42
- 1974 Tōru Takemitsu (1930 - 1996) Folios
- 1975 Hans Gefors (born 1952) La boîte chinoise, op. 12:1
- 1975 Anthony Hedges (born 1931) Three Fancies
- 1975 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Four Poems of Garcia Lorca
- 1975 Michael Blake Watkins (born 1948) Solus
- 1975 Flemming Weis (1898 - 1981) Aspects
- 1976 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) Partita No. 2
- 1976 Michael Finnissy (born 1946) Song 17
- 1976-9 Hans Werner Henze (born 1926) Royal Winter Music
- 1976 Per Nørgård (born 1932) Returns
- 1976 Ib Nørholm (born 1931) Sonata No. 1, op. 69
- 1976 Poul Rovsing-Olsen (1922 - 1982) Nostalgie, op. 78
- 1976 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Sonata No. 2 "El Verbo"
- 1976 Giles Swayne (born 1946) Suite
- 1977 Bruno Bartolozzi (1911 - 1980) Adles
- 1977 Erik Bergman (born 1911) Midnight, op. 83
- 1977 Gilbert Biberian (born 1944) Sonata No. 3
- 1977 William Bland (born 1947) A Fantasy-Homage to Tomás Luis de Victoria
- 1977 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) Legend
- 1977 Tom Eastwood (1922 - 1999) Romance et plainte
- 1977 Oliver Hunt (1934 - 2000) Garuda - Ballade
- 1977 Douglas Jamieson (born 1949) Elegy
- 1977 Elisabeth Lutyens (1906 - 1984) Romanza
- 1977 Einojuhani Rautavaara (born 1928) Serenades of the Unicorn
- 1977 Thomas Wilson (1927 - 2001) Canción
- 1978 Gunnar Berg (1909 - 1989) Fresques
- 1978 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) Merlin
- 1978 Jean Françaix (1912 - 1997) Serenata
- 1978 Lou Harrison (1917 - 2003) Plaint and Variations on Walter von der Vogelweide's "Song of Palestine"
- [[1978]] [[Lou Harrison (1917 - 2003) Serenade
- 1978 Per Nørgård (born 1932) In Memory of...
- 1978 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Sonata No. 3 "The Valley of Esdralon"
- 1978 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Sonata No. 4 "La Breve"
- 1978 Michael Blake Watkins (born 1948) The Spirit of the Earth
- 1979 Judith Bingham (born 1952) Moonrise
- 1979 David Del Tredici (born 1937) Acrostic Song (Final Alice)
- 1979 Petr Eben (born 1929) Mare Nigrum
- 1979 Vagn Holmboe (1909 - 1996) Sonata No. 1, op. 141
- 1979 Vagn Holmboe (1909 - 1996) Sonata No. 2, op. 142
- 1979 Alan Hovhaness (1911 - 2000) Sonata No. 1
- 1979 Alan Hovhaness (1911 - 2000) Sonata No. 2
- 1979 Wilfred Josephs (1927 - 1997) Thoughts on a Spanish Guitar, op. 111
- 1979 Stephen Oliver (1950 - 1992) Sonata
- 1979 Kenneth Platts (1946 - 1989) Sonatina
- 1979 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Sonata No. 5
- 1979 Richard Stoker (born 1938) Pieces for Polita, op. 57

1980s

- 1980 Denis ApIvor (1916 - 2004) Serenade, op. 69
- 1980 Barbara Kolb (born 1939) Three Lullabies
- 1980 Nikita Koshkin (born 1956) The Prince's Toys
- 1980 Einojuhani Rautavaara (born 1928) Monologues of the Unicorn
- 1980 Ned Rorem (born 1923) Suite
- 1980 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) Preludes and Fantasies
- 1981 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) El Decameron negro
- 1981-3 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Preludios epigramáticos
- 1981 Peter Maxwell Davies (born 1934) Hill Runes
- 1981 Edison Denisov (1929 - 1996) Sonata
- 1981 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) Partita No. 3
- 1981 Petr Eben (born 1929) Tabulatura Nova
- 1981 Vagn Holmboe (1909 - 1996) Five Intermezzi, op. 149
- 1981 John Anthony Lennon (born 1950) Another's Fandango
- 1981 Edward McGuire (born 1948) Prelude No. 5
- 1981-2 Bayan Northcott (born 1940) Fantasia
- 1982 Michael Berkeley (born 1948) Sonata in One Movement
- 1982 Ferenc Farkas (1905 - 2000) Exercitium Tonale
- 1982 Michael Finnissy (born 1946) Nasiye
- 1983 Richard Rodney Bennett (born 1936) Sonata
- 1983 Elliott Carter (born 1908) Changes
- 1983-9 Bryan Ferneyhough (born 1943) Kurze Schatten II
- 1983 Michael Tippett (1905 - 1998) The Blue Guitar
- 1984 Denis ApIvor (1916 - 2004) Nocturne, op. 78
- 1984 Milton Babbitt (born 1916) Composition for Guitar
- 1984 Bruno Bettinelli (1913 - 2004) Tre pezzi
- 1984 Peter Maxwell Davies (born 1934) Sonata
- 1984 Michael Jacques (born 1944) Three Humoresques (Hommage à Walton)
- 1984 Richard Stoker (born 1938) Dance Movements, op. 66
- 1984 John Tavener (born 1944) Chant
- 1984 Giulio Viozzi (1912 - 1984) Sonata
- 1985 Samuel Adler (born 1928) Sonata
- 1985 Dušan Bogdanović (born 1955) Sonata No. 2
- 1985 Carlo Domeniconi (born 1947) Koyunbaba
- 1985 Graciane Finzi (born 1945) Non si muove una foglia
- 1985 Angelo Gilardino (born 1941) Sonata No. 1 (Omaggio ad Antonio Fontanesi)
- 1985 Piers Hellawell (born 1956) Improvise! Improvise!
- 1985 Per Nørgård (born 1932) Tales From a Hand I: In the Mood of Spades
- 1985 Henri Sauguet (1901 - 1989) Cadence
- 1986 Sidney Corbett (born 1960) Arien IV: Solo Music for Guitar
- 1986 James Dillon (born 1950) Shrouded Mirrors
- 1986 Roland Dyens (born 1955) Libra Sonatine
- 1986 John Frandsen (born 1956) Nature Morte
- 1986 Angelo Gilardino (born 1941) Sonata No. 2 (Hivern florit)
- 1986 Mel Powell (1923 - 1998) Setting
- 1986 Roger Reynolds (born 1934) The Behaviour of Mirrors
- 1986 Giles Swayne (born 1946) Solo, op. 42
- 1986 Alois Bröder (born 1961) Erdferne
- 1987 Bent Lorentzen (born 1935) Umbra
- 1987 Robert Saxton (born 1953) Night Dance
- 1988 Luciano Berio (1925 - 2003) Sequenza XI
- 1988 Tōru Takemitsu (1930 - 1996) All in Twilight
- 1989 Stephen Dodgson (born 1924) Partita No. 4
- 1989 Angelo Gilardino (born 1941) Variazioni sulla Follìa
- 1989 Nicholas Maw (born 1935) Music of Memory
- 1989 Per Nørgård (born 1932) Tales From a Hand III: Clubs among Jokers

1990s

- 1990 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Sonata
- 1990 Grigorii Korchmar (born 1947) White Nights Serenades
- 1990 Ester Mägi (born 1922) Valse con variazione
- 1990 Ursula Mamlok (born 1928) Five Intermezzi
- 1990 Tage Nielsen (born 1929) The Frosty Silence in the Gardens
- 1990 Pēteris Vasks (born 1946) Sonata of Loneliness
- 1990 Graham Whettam (born 1927) Guitar Partita (original version 1968)
- 1991 Angelo Gilardino (born 1941) Musica per l'angelo della Melancholìa
- 1991 Veli-Matti Puumala (born 1965) Hailin' Drams
- 1993 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Rito de los Orishas
- 1993 Arne Löthman (born 1954) Diptych
- 1993 Terry Riley (born 1935) Ascención
- 1993 Tōru Takemitsu (1930 - 1996) Equinox
- 1993 Param Vir (born 1952) Clear Light, Magic Body
- 1994 Poul Ruders (born 1949) Etude and Ricercare
- 1994 Reginald Smith Brindle (1917 - 2003) The Prince of Venosa
- 1994 Charles Wuorinen (born 1938) Guitar Variations
- 1995 Howard Blake (born 1938) Prelude, Sarabande and Gigue
- 1995 Aaron Jay Kernis (born 1960) Partita
- 1995 Gordon McPherson (born 1965) Uncanny Valley
- 1995 Thea Musgrave (born 1928) Postcards from Spain
- 1995 Per Nørgård (born 1932) Tales From a Hand II: The Queen of Hearts
- 1995 Terry Riley (born 1935) Barabas
- 1996 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Hika: In Memoriam Toru Takemitsu
- 1996 Leo Brouwer (born 1939) Paisaje cubano con campanas
- 1996 Bryn Harrison (born 1969) Forms of Distance
- 1996 Ester Mägi (born 1922) 3 Miniatuuri
- 1996 Tōru Takemitsu (1930 - 1996) In the Woods
- 1996 Richard Wernick (born 1934) Da'ase
- 1997 Joanna Bailie (born 1973) Primary Interpolations
- 1997 James Erber (born 1951) Am Grabe Memphis Minnies
- 1997 Deirdre Gribbin (born 1967) The Sanctity of Trees
- 1997 Sam Hayden (born 1968) AXE(S)
- 1997 Paul Lansky (born 1944) Semi-Suite
- 1997 Mario Lavista (born 1943) Natarayah
- 1997 Jyrki Linjama (born 1962) Sonaatti
- 1997 Poul Ruders (born 1949) Chaconne
- 1998 Niels Viggo Bentzon (1919 - 2000) Strumenta Diabolico, op. 664
- 1998 Philip Cashian (born 1960) Tal

1536

Events

- February 2 - Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- February 25 - Jacob Hutter burned in a stake for heresy
- May 19 - Execution of Anne Boleyn
- May 30 - Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour
- October 13 - The Pilgrimage of Grace, a rebellion in York, is "resolved" by Robert Aske
- October 29 - Coronation of Jane Seymour as the Queen of England
- Various religious buildings are closed as part of Henry VIIIs dissolution of the monastries, including
- Basingwerk Abbey,
- Bourne Abbey
- Brinkburn Priory,
- Cartmel Priory,
- Dore Abbey and
- The Cistercian Abbey of St Mary and St Chad
- Wales and England are legally united by the Laws in Wales Act 1535
- Manco Capac II revolts from Spanish rule in Peru
- Resumption of war between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. Francis ceases control of Savoy and captures Turin.
- Protestantism introduced in Denmark
- Portuguese Crown divides Brazil into fifteen donatory captaincies.
Births

- March 10 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, English politician (died 1572)
- March 31 - Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Japanese shogun (died 1565)
- December 26 - Yi I, Korean Confucian scholar (died 1584)
- Jeong Cheol, Korean administrator and poet (died 1593)
- Pope Clement VIII (died 1605)
- Cornelis Cort, Dutch engraver (died 1578)
- Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English statesman and poet (died 1608)
- Lord Guilford Dudley, son of John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland (died 1554)
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Japanese warlord (died 1598)
- Roger Marbeck, chief physician to Elizabeth I of England (died 1604)
- Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, British statesman and admiral (died 1624)
- Kaspar Olevianus, German protestant theologian (died 1587)
- Friedrich Sylburg, German classical scholar (died 1596)
- Ikeda Tsuneoki, Japanese military commander (died 1584)
Deaths

- January 7 - Catherine of Aragon, queen of Henry VIII of England (born 1485)
- January 22 - Bernhard Knipperdolling, German religious leader (born ca. 1495)
- February 25 - Berthold Haller, German-born reformer (born 1492)
- March 1 - Bernardo Accolti, Italian poet (b. 1465)
- April 4 - Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (born 1460)
- May 17 - George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford, English diplomat (born 1503)
- May 19 - Anne Boleyn, queen of Henry VIII of England (executed)
- May 26 - Francesco Berni, Italian poet
- June 18 - Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, illegitimate son of Henry VIII of England (born 1519)
- June 28 - Richard Pace, English diplomat (born 1482)
- July 12 - Erasmus, Dutch writer and philosopher
- September 25 - Johannes Secundus, Dutch poet (born 1511)
- October 6 - William Tyndale, English protestant scholar (burned at the stake) (born 1484)
- December 21 - Sir John Seymour, English courtier (born 1474)
- Hector Boece, Scottish philosopher (born 1465)
- Hiraga Genshin, Japanese retainer and samurai
- Jacob Hutter, founder of the Hutterite religious movement
- John of Leiden, Anabaptist leader from the Dutch city of Leiden (born 1509)
- John Rastell, English printer and author
- Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish poet (born 1503)
- Jacques Lefevre d'Etaples, French theologian and humanist Category:1536 ko:1536년 simple:1536

Luis Milán

Luis de Milán (c. 1500 – 1561 or possibly later) was a Spanish Renaissance composer, vihuelist (guitarist) and writer on music. He was the first composer in history to publish music for the vihuela de mano, an instrument employed primarily in the Iberian peninsula and some of the Italian states during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and he was also one of the first musicians to specify verbal tempo indications in his music. He probably lived all his life in Valencia, though details are sketchy at best. He seems to have been employed by the ducal court until around 1538. In 1535 he published his first book, a parlor game with music, entitled El juego de mandar; in the next year he published what was to be his most important book, Libro de música de vihuela de mano intitulado El maestro. This book was dedicated to King John III of Portugal; this dedication, and the existence of six villancicos which Milán wrote in Portuguese, suggest that he may have traveled to that country and spent some time there. The book is the first collection of vihuela music in history. It may have been intended as a book for students of the vihuela. The music is presented in grades from simple to complex, so that a beginning vihuelist can proceed from elementary to gradually more complicated pieces as he learns. It contains more than forty fantasias, six pavans, twelve villancicos, as well as sonetos (settings of Italian sonnets), and other pieces; some of the pieces are for solo vihuela, and others for voice accompanied by vihuela. Many are of considerable virtuosity, though not all the ornamentation is provided in detail. The style of the compositions varies from simple homophony to polyphony and virtuoso passage-work; unusual chromaticism also occurs, including strange double-inflections which were quite rare in music from other parts of Europe at the same time. It appears that the book was prepared with great care; alternate passages are given for players who wish to avoid more virtuosic parts, sections of pieces are indicated as optional, and he provided verbal tempo indications, for example ni muy apriessa ni muy a espacio sino con un compás bien mesurado ("neither too quickly nor too slowly, but with a moderate measure"). Half of the villancicos are in Castilian Spanish, and half are in Portuguese. His last publication, El cortesano (1561), modeled on Il Cortegiano by Baldassare Castiglione, gives a vivid and entertaining picture of life in the Valencian ducal court. While it contains no music, is a valuable account by a professional musician at the time. The music of Luis Milan is popular with performers on the present-day classical guitar because it can be adapted very easily to their instrument.

Sources and further reading

- Gustave Reese, Music in the Renaissance. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954. ISBN 0393095304
- Articles "Vihuela" and "Luis de Milán," in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980. ISBN 1561591742 Milán, Luis de Milán, Luis de Milán, Luis de Milán, Luis de

1561

Events

- The Edict of Orleans suspends the persecution of the Huguenots.
- Mary, Queen of Scots is denied passage through England after returning from France. She arrives at Leith, Scotland on August 19.
- October 18 - Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima -- Takeda Shingen beats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts.
- The first Calvinists settle in England after fleeing Flanders.
- Madrid is declared the capital of Spain by Philip II.
- St. Paul's Cathedral in London is badly damaged by fire.
- Ruy López develops modern techniques of chess playing in Spain.
- Sweden conquers Livonia (modern Estonia).
- Michelangelo Buonarroti finishes Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri in Rome
- Saint Basil's Cathedral in Moscow is finished (started in 1534)

Births

- January 6 - Thomas Fincke, Danish mathematician and physicist (died 1656)
- January 22 - Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher, scientist, and statesman (died 1626)
- July 11 - Luís de Góngora y Argote, Spanish poet (died 1627)
- August 20 - Jacopo Peri, Italian composer (died 1633)
- August 24 - Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (died 1626)
- August 25 - Philippe van Lansberge, Dutch astronomer (died 1632)
- September 29 - Adriaan van Roomen, Belgian mathematician (died 1615)
- December 7 - Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese politician (d. 1625)
- December 9 - Edwin Sandys, English founder of the colony of Virginia (died 1629)
- Jacopo Corsi, Italian composer (died 1602)
- John Harington, English writer (died 1612)
- Samuel Harsnett, Archbishop of York (died 1631) See also :Category: 1561 births.

Deaths

- February 26 - Jorge de Montemayor, Spanish writer (born 1520)
- October 27 - Lope de Aguirre, Basque rebel and conquistador (born 1510)
- Luis de Milán, Spanish composer (born 1500)
- Menno Simons, Anabaptist religious leader (born 1496)
- Ijuin Tadaaki, Japanese nobleman
- Jan Tarnowski, Polish nobleman (born 1488)
- Hans Tausen, Danish reformer (born 1494) See also :Category: 1561 deaths.

Literature

- The Book of the Courtier (Il Cortegiano) is translated into English by Sir Thomas Hoby
- Poetics by Julius Caesar Scaliger
- Institution of the Christian Religion is translated into English by Thomas Norton
- Gabriele Fallopius publishes Observationes anatomicae (anatomical observations) Category:1561 ko:1561년

1538

Events

- Treaty of Nagyvarad. Peace between King Ferdinand and the Turks. John Zapolya is recognized as King of Hungary, while Ferdinand retains the northern and western parts of the Kingdom, and is recognized as heir to the throne.
- Truce of Nice - Peace between Emperor Charles V and Francis I of France
- Michelangelo starts the work on the Piazza del Campidoglio (Capitoline Hill).
- October 28 - The first University of the New World is founded the Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino
- November 30 - Sucre, Bolivia is founded under the name Ciudad de la Plata de la Nueva Toledo
- November 30 - Byland Abbey dissolved
- Bisham Abbey dissolved

Births

- January 10 - Louis of Nassau, Dutch general (d. 1574)
- January 15 - Maeda Toshiie, Japanese samurai and warlord (died 1599)
- March 25 - Christopher Clavius, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1612)
- April 26 - Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter (d. 1600)
- August 12 - Maria of Portugal (died 1577)
- October 2 - Saint Charles Borromeo, saint and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (died 1584)
- October 31 - Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian (died 1607)
- Francois de Bar, French scholar (died 1606)
- Diane de France, illegitimate daughter of Henry II of France (died 1619)
- Imagawa Ujizane, Japanese nobleman
- Kitsuno, concubine of Japanese daimyo
- Philips van Marnix, lord of Sint-Aldegonde, Dutch writer and statesman (died 1598)
- Giambattista della Porta, Italian scholar and polymath (died 1615)
- Ashikaga Yoshihide, Japanese shogun (died 1568)

Deaths

- February 12 - Albrecht Altdorfer, German painter
- May 8 - Edward Fox, English churchman (born 1496)
- May 22 - John Forrest, English Franciscan friar (martyred) (born 1471)
- June 30 - Charles of Egmond, Duke of Guelders (b. 1467)
- July 8 - Diego de Almagro, Spanish conquistador (born 1475)
- Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire (born 1480)
- Pierre Gringore, French poet and playwright (born 1475)
- John Lambert, English protestant martyr
- Henry III of Nassau-Breda Category:1538 ko:1538년

1510

Events

- Conquest of Pskov by Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy.
- Formation of the Holy League to defend the Italian States.
- Peter Henlein builds the first pocketwatch.

Births

- March 30 - Antonio de Cabezón, Spanish composer and organist (died 1566)
- April 2 - Ashikaga Yoshiharu, Japanese shogun (died 1550)
- July 22 - Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence (died 1537)
- October 6 - Rowland Taylor, English protestant martyr (died 1555)
- November 6 - John Caius, English physician (died 1573)
- Francis Borgia, General of the Jesuits (died 1572)
- Jörg Breu the Younger, German painter (died 1547)
- Francis David, Hungarian founder of the Unitarian Church (died 1579)
- Andrea Gabrieli, Italian composer and organist (died 1586)
- Claude Goudimel, French composer and music theorist (died 1572)
- Matsunaga Hisahide, Japanese warlord (died 1577)
- Aloysius Lilius, Italian inventor of the Gregorian calendar (died 1576)
- Solomon Luria, Polish-born Kabbalist (died 1574)
- Luis de Morales, Spanish religious painter (died 1586)
- Oda Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (died 1551)
- Bernard de Palissy, French potter and writer
- Ambroise Paré, French surgeon (died 1590)
- Guillaume Postel, linguist (died 1581)
- Lope de Rueda, Spanish dramatist and author
- Lawrence Sheriff, Elizabethan gentleman and grocer (died 1567)
- Claudio Veggio, Italian composer
- Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, French naval officer (died 1571)

Deaths

- February 28 - Juan de la Cosa, Spanish cartographer and explorer
- March 1 - Francisco de Almeida, Portuguese soldier and explorer
- March 10 - Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, German preacher (born 1445)
- May 17 - Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter (born 1445)
- August 17 - Edmund Dudley, English statesman
- December 14 - Friedrich of Saxony (b. 1473)
- December 31 - Bianca Maria Sforza, wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1472)
- Agueybana, Taino chief
- Ambrogio Calepino, Italian lexicographer (born 1450)
- Catherine Cornaro, Queen of Cyprus
- Richard Empson, English statesman
- Giorgione, Italian painter
- Bohuslav Hasištejnský z Lobkovic, Bohemian writer
- Florian Zamoyski, Polish nobleman Category:1510 ko:1510년

1546

Events

- Spanish conquest of Yucatan
- Peace between England and France
- Foundation of Trinity College, Cambridge by Henry VIII of England
- Katharina von Bora flees to Magdeburg

Science

Architecture

- Michelangelo Buonarroti is made chief architect of St. Peter's Basilica.

Births

- January 27 - Joachim Friedrich, Elector of Brandenburg (died 1608)
- May 5 - Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, English politician (died 1623)
- June 24 - Robert Parsons, English Jesuit priest (died 1610)
- July 4 - Murat III, Ottoman Sultan (died 1595)
- December 14 - Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer (died 1601)
- François d'Aguilon, Belgian mathematician and physicist (died 1617)
- William Barclay, Scottish jurist (died 1608)
- Luca Bati, Italian Baroque composer (died 1608)
- Philippe Desportes, French poet (died 1606)
- Thomas Digges, English astronomer (died 1595)
- Lodewijk Elzevir, Dutch printer (died 1617)
- Takeda Katsuyori, Japanese nobleman
- Tobias Matthew, archbishop of York (died 1628)
- Mikolaj VII Radziwill, Polish magnate (died 1565)
- Gasparo Tagliacozzi, Italian surgeon and anatomist (died 1599) See also :Category: 1546 births.

Deaths

- January 21 - Azai Sukemasa, Japanese samurai and warlord (born 1491)
- February 18 - Martin Luther, German religious reformer (born 1483)
- March 1 - George Wishart, Scottish religious reformer (martyred) (born 1513)
- March 26 - Thomas Elyot, English diplomat and scholar
- May 29 - David Beaton, Scottish Catholic cardinal
- July 16 - Anne Askew, English protestant (burned at the stake) (born 1521)
- August 1 - Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (born 1506)
- August 3 - Étienne Dolet, French scholar and printer (born 1509)
- August 3 - Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Italian architect (born 1484)
- November 1 - Giulio Romano, Italian painter (born 1499)
- Gaudenzio Ferrari, Italian painter and sculptor
- Philipp von Hutten, German knight (born 1511)
- Khair ad Din "Barbarossa", corsair ruler of Algiers (born 1475)
- Friedrich Myconius, German Lutheran theologian (born 1491)
- Francisco de Vitoria, Renaissance theologian (born 1492) See also :Category: 1546 deaths. Category:1546 ko:1546년 simple:1546

1508

Events

- February - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor attacks Venice
- June 6 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three year truce and cede several territories to Venice
- December 10 - League of Cambrai formed as an alliance against Venice between Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Ferdinand II of Aragon.
- December - Michelangelo Buonarroti begins work on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
- Lebna Dengel succeeds his father Na'od as Emperor of Ethiopia. Due to his young age, his grandmother Eleni acts as regent.

Births

- June 9 - Primoz Trubar, Slovenian protestant reformer (died 1586)
- November 30 - Andrea Palladio, Italian architect (died 1580)
- December 9 - Gemma Frisius, Dutch mathematician and cartographer (died 1555)
- December 24 - Pietro Carnesecchi, Italian humanist (died 1567)
- Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva, Spanish general and governor of the Spanish Netherlands (died 1583)
- Jean Daurat, French poet (died 1588)
- Marin Drzic, Croatian playwright (died 1567)

Deaths

- May 27 - Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (born 1452)
- July 31 - Na'od, Emperor of Ethiopia (killed in battle)
- October 13 - Edmund de Ros, 11th Baron de Ros, English politician (born 1446)
- December 10 - René II, Duke of Lorraine (born 1451)
- Isaac Abravanel, Portuguese statesman, philosopher, and theologian (born 1437)
- Conrad Celtes, German humanist Category:1508 ko:1508년

1547

Events

- January 16 - Grand Duke Ivan IV of Muscovy becomes the first Tsar of Russia.
- January 28 - Edward VI succeeds his father Henry VIII as King of England.
- February 20 - Edward VI of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey
- March 31 - Henry II succeeds his father Francis I as King of France
- April 24 - Battle of Mühlberg - Emperor Charles V defeats the forces of the Schmalkaldic League under the Elector John Frederick of Saxony.
- September 10 - Battle of Pinkie. An English army under the Duke of Somerset, Protector of England, defeats a Scottish army under James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran, the Regent. The English seize Edinburgh.
- First printed book in the Lithuanian language. Author - Martynas Mazvydas.
- Increased immigration of Huguenots to Kent, especially Canterbury
- Chambre Ardente established in Paris

Births

- February 24 - Don John of Austria, military leader (died 1578)
- March 1 - Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (died 1628)
- June 28 - Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (died 1599)
- September 14 - Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Dutch statesman (died 1619)
- September 22 - Philipp Nikodemus Frischlin, German philologist and poet (died 1590)
- September 29 - Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish writer (died 1616)
- October 18 - Justus Lipsius, Flemish humanist (died 1606)
- November 12 - Claude of Valois, daughter of King Henry II of France (died 1575)
- December 5 - Ubbo Emmius, Dutch historian and geographer (d. 1625)
- Matteo Perez d' Aleccio, Italian painter (died 1616)
- Mateo Alemán, Spanish novelist and man of letters (died 1609)
- Peter Bales, English calligraphist (died 1610)
- Marc Antonio Ingegneri, Italian composer (died 1592)
- Oichi, Japanese noblewoman
- Krzysztof Mikolaj Piorun Radziwill, Polish nobleman (died 1603)
- Richard Stanyhurst, English translator of Virgil (died 1618)
- Nicolaus Taurellus, German philosopher and theologian (died 1606)
- Roemer Visscher, Dutch writer (died 1620)
- Stanislaw Zolkiewski, Polish nobleman (died 1620) See also :Category: 1547 births.

Deaths

- January 13 - Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, English poet (born 1517)
- January 16 - Johannes Schöner, German astronomer and cartographer (b. 1477)
- January 18 - Pietro Bembo, Italian cardinal and scholar (born 1470)
- January 28 - King Henry VIII of England (born 1491)
- June 21 - Sebastiano del Piombo, Italian painter (b. 1485)
- July 31 - King Francis I of France (born 1494)
- December 2 - Hernán Cortés, Spanish conquistador (born 1485)
- Jörg Breu the Younger, German painter (born 1510)
- Saint Cajetan, born in Vicenza (born 1480)
- Vittoria Colonna, marchioness of Pescara (born 1490)
- Edward Hall, English chronicler and lawyer (born 1498)
- Meera, Rajput princess
- Daniel, Metropolitan of Moscow
- Konrad Peutinger, German humanist and antiquarian (born 1465) See also :Category: 1547 deaths. Category:1547 ko:1547년

1500

Events

- Europe's population was ~60 million. (Spielvogel)
- January 5 - Duke Ludovico Sforza recaptures Milan, but is soon driven out again by the French.
- April 21 - Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral officially discovers Brazil and claims the land for Portugal.
- November 11 - Treaty of Granada - Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.
- Emperor Go-Kashiwabara ascends to the throne of Japan.
- Battle of Hemmingstedt: The Danish army fails to conquer the peasants' republic of Dithmarschen.
- Second Battle of Lepanto - The Turkish fleet of Kemal Re'is defeats the Venetians. The Turks proceed to capture Modon, Lepanto, and Koron.
- The Luo, a Nilotic people from modern Sudan, settle the Cwezi states, establishing the state of Buganda. (approximate date)
- Diogo Dias is the first European to see Madagascar.

Births

- February 22 - Cardinal Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, Italian humanist (d. 1564)
- February 24 - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1558)
- April 12 - Joachim Camerarius, German classical scholar (died 1574)
- April 23 - Alexander Ales, Scottish theologian (died 1565)
- November 1 - Benvenuto Cellini, Italian goldsmith and sculptor (died 1571)
- Johannes Aal, Swiss theologian and composer (died 1553)
- John of Avila, Spanish mystic and saint (died 1569)
- George Cavendish, English writer
- Wu Cheng'en, Chinese novelist (died 1582)
- Charles Dumoulin, French jurist (died 1566)
- Heinrich Faber, German music theorist (died 1552)
- Federico II of Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua (died 1540)
- Francisco de Moraes, Portuguese writer (died 1572)
- Reginald Cardinal Pole, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1558)
- Mem de Sá, Governor-General of Brazil (died 1572)
- Johann Stumpf, Swiss writer (died 1576)
- Pietro Martire Vermigli, Italian theologian

Deaths

- May 29 - Bartolomeu Dias, Portuguese explorer
- June 19 - Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset (born 1499)
- September 12 - Albert, Duke of Saxony (born 1443)
- September 15 - John